
Featured · AI & Automation
AI Is Becoming a Layer in Software, Not the Software Itself
The model is the one part of the system whose output you cannot specify in advance. Good AI engineering is mostly about everything built around it.
Insights
Essays on software architecture, applied AI, trading technology, product design and learning. How we think about the work, written to be useful whether or not you ever work with us.

Featured · AI & Automation
The model is the one part of the system whose output you cannot specify in advance. Good AI engineering is mostly about everything built around it.
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Technology & Engineering
The boxes on an architecture diagram rarely cause trouble. The decisions behind the lines do, and most teams never write them down.

Technology & Engineering
Launch day tells you less about a system than any other day in its life. What matters is whether it can be run, changed and trusted by people who did not build it.

AI & Automation
The model is the one part of the system whose output you cannot specify in advance. Good AI engineering is mostly about everything built around it.

AI & Automation
Choosing a model is the most discussed decision in an enterprise AI project and, increasingly, the easiest to reverse. The decisions that determine success are organisational.

FinTech & Markets
A trading platform spends most of its complexity not on deciding what to do, but on knowing what has actually happened. That is a systems problem, and it rewards systems thinking.

FinTech & Markets
Charts sit at one end of the workflow and order buttons at the other. Most of what determines whether the workflow is disciplined happens in between, and in the review that closes the loop.

Product & Digital Systems
A user's opinion of a product is formed as much by a slow search, a confusing permission error or a late email as by anything drawn in a design file.

Product & Digital Systems
Every feature is paid for twice: once when it is built, and then indefinitely, mostly by people who never asked for it. Mature products get better by subtraction more often than their roadmaps admit.

Learning & Future of Work
A degree was designed to load knowledge before a career began. Careers now keep asking for more. That changes what learning is for, how it is assessed and what teachers are needed for.

Learning & Future of Work
Institutions tend to buy a platform to solve a teaching problem, or an AI tool to solve a content problem. The learning stack works when each layer does its own job and the layers share what they know.
The articles describe how we think. If you are building something where the same questions apply, we would be glad to hear about it.